Bunions and Hammertoes: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Bunions and hammertoes are common foot deformities that can cause pain, discomfort, and difficulty with daily activities. A bunion is a bony bump that forms at the base of the big toe, while hammertoes are abnormal bends in the smaller toes, often caused by muscle imbalance. At Hand & Ortho, we specialize in diagnosing and treating these conditions to restore function and improve quality of life.
Causes
Bunions and hammertoes develop due to a combination of genetic, structural, and lifestyle factors. Common causes include:
- Inherited foot structure or biomechanical abnormalities
- Wearing tight, narrow, or high-heeled shoes
- Arthritis or inflammatory joint conditions
- Muscle or tendon imbalances causing abnormal toe positioning
- Trauma or injury to the toes
- Ill-fitting footwear or prolonged use of high heels
Symptoms
Symptoms of bunions and hammertoes vary based on severity but often include:
- Bunions:
- A visible bump at the base of the big toe
- Pain, swelling, or redness around the affected joint
- Limited movement of the big toe
- Hammertoes:
- Pain or discomfort, especially when wearing shoes
- Corns or calluses on the top of bent toes
- Difficulty straightening the affected toes
Diagnosis
At Hand & Ortho, our specialists conduct a thorough evaluation to diagnose bunions and hammertoes. This process includes:
- Reviewing your medical history and symptoms
- Performing a physical examination to assess toe alignment and joint function
- Using imaging studies, such as X-rays, to evaluate bone structure and severity
Treatment
Treatment options for bunions and hammertoes aim to relieve pain, correct deformities, and prevent progression. Options include:
- Conservative measures:
- Wearing comfortable, properly fitting footwear with a wide toe box
- Using orthotics or padding to reduce pressure on the affected areas
- Physical therapy to improve toe alignment and joint flexibility
- Anti-inflammatory medications or ice therapy to reduce pain and swelling
- Surgical intervention:
- For severe cases, corrective surgery may be necessary to realign bones, tendons, or joints
Our team works closely with you to determine the best course of action based on your individual needs.
Recovery
Recovery from bunions or hammertoe treatment depends on the severity of the condition and the chosen intervention. Key aspects include:
- Gradual improvement with conservative measures, such as footwear changes and orthotics
- For surgical cases, a structured recovery plan with physical therapy to restore function
- Preventive measures, including wearing supportive shoes and maintaining foot health
At Hand & Ortho, we are dedicated to providing expert care and guidance to ensure a smooth recovery and long-term relief from bunion and hammertoe discomfort.