Understanding Extensor Tendon Injuries: Causes, Types, and Treatment
Located on the back of the hand and fingers, the extensor tendons are responsible for allowing you to straighten your fingers and thumb. These tendons are attached to muscles in your forearm and become flat and thin as they extend into the fingers. Smaller tendons from the hand muscles contribute to delicate finger motions and coordination.
Common Types of Extensor Tendon Injuries
Extensor tendons are located just beneath the skin, directly on the bone, making them highly vulnerable to injury, even from minor cuts. A jamming injury can tear these tendons away from the bone, resulting in difficulty straightening one or more joints. Common types of extensor tendon injuries include:
- Mallet Finger: This occurs when the tendon at the end joint is cut or separated from the bone, causing the fingertip to droop.
- Boutonniere Deformity: This condition results in a bent-down (flexed) middle joint of the finger due to a tear or cut of the extensor tendon.
- Lacerations: Cuts on the back of the hand can damage the extensor tendons.
Treatment for Extensor Tendon Injuries
The treatment for extensor tendon injuries depends on the type and severity of the injury. Here’s what you can expect:
- Cuts or Lacerations: A tendon cut may require stitches to repair the injury.
- Jamming Injuries: Tears caused by jamming injuries are typically treated with splints that prevent the healing tendon from pulling apart.
- Splinting: The doctor will apply the splint to the correct area and provide instructions on how long it should be worn. In some cases, a pin may be inserted through the bone to serve as an internal splint.
It is essential to follow the doctor’s instructions and wear the splint as prescribed to ensure proper healing and restore the functionality of the tendon. In severe cases, further intervention may be necessary to ensure full recovery.